IMF Executive Board Concludes 2016 Article IV Consultation with the Republic of Estonia | WPN World People News

On January 9, 2017, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded the Article IV consultation with the Republic of Estonia.

Notwithstanding sound economic and institutional fundamentals, including one of the strongest public finances in Europe and a business friendly environment, Estonia’s recent growth has been subdued. Labor productivity and external competitiveness have weakened. Growth in 2016 is estimated at only 1.3 percent, driven mainly by private consumption on the back of strong wage growth in a tightening labor market. Exports are gradually recovering, but investment continues to contract. Import growth is accordingly low, keeping the current account in small surplus. Inflation rose moderately to around 1 percent.

The economy should gradually strengthen going forward, as the external environment improves and existing pro-growth policies come to fruition. Growth is projected at 2.3 percent for 2017 and 2.8 percent for 2018, supported by continued robust consumption and higher investment and exports, as well as planned fiscal stimulus in 2018. Inflation should pick up to 2.5 percent in 2017, reflecting rising energy prices, sizable contributions from excise tax hikes, and a moderate pickup in underlying price dynamics. The current account should swing into mild deficit as investment gathers steam and consumption continues to be strong. However, risks to this outlook are mainly to the downside, including failure of external demand to pick up and continued rapid wage growth denting competitiveness.

Executive Board Assessment

Executive Directors commended Estonia for its strong institutions and determined reforms, which have delivered solid growth and substantial gains in living standards over the past two decades. Despite a more disappointing recent growth performance, Directors concurred that the outlook is for a pick‑up in growth, as the external environment improves and existing pro‑growth policies come to fruition. Nevertheless, they cautioned that downside risks dominate and challenges lie ahead. In particular, Directors noted that rapid wage growth in tandem with stagnant productivity have started to reduce competitiveness. Against this background, they underscored the need for structural reforms that improve productivity, supported by prudent fiscal policies, and measures to mitigate financial sector risks.

To address these challenges, Directors recommended enhancing productivity and preserving competitiveness through a three‑pronged approach that focuses on (i) improving the effectiveness, scale, and take‑up of existing pro‑growth programs, including by establishing a dedicated productivity unit; (ii) re‑anchoring wage growth in fundamentals, including by ensuring that increases in public wages and minimum wages do not front‑run private‑sector wage growth, as well as by promoting greater female labor force participation and further streamlining government employment to boost labor supply; and (iii) enhancing competitiveness through tax reforms.

Directors agreed that Estonia’s strong public finances provide room to support the strengthening of the supply side of the economy under the above‑recommended three‑pronged approach, while preserving strong fiscal institutions. They also supported the planned further increase in public investment, while stressing the need to ensure high rates of return for both new and existing projects. Directors welcomed the government’s steps to tackle income inequality, and took note of the authorities’ intention to reform the income tax system to help achieve distributional objectives.

Directors concurred that the financial sector is in a strong position and adequately supports the economy. They cautioned against spillover risks from potential vulnerabilities in Nordic parent banks, and recommended further mitigating these risks by strengthening cooperation with home‑country and European authorities in a revamped Nordic‑Baltic Stability Group.

Source:　International Monetary Fund