Science

Tags:

New sensors to combat the proliferation of bacteria in very high-humidity environments

The engineer Aitor Urrutia has received his PhD with these devices that combine nanotechnology and fibre optics for use in hospitals or on industrial premises.

The Telecommunications Engineer Aitor Urrutia-Azcona has designed some humidity sensors with anti-bacterial properties that combat the proliferation of micro-organisms in environments where the humidity level is very high, such as hospitals and industrial premises for foodstuffs or pharmaceutical products. These devices combining nanotechnology and fibre optics are part of his PhD thesis read at the Public University of Navarre (NUP/UPNA).

Tags:

Converting solar energy into electric power via photobioelectrochemical cells

A new paradigm for the development of photo-bioelectrochemical cells has been reported, in Israel, and the University of Bochum, in Germany.

52872_0.jpg
Novel photo-bioelectrochemical cells point to a new method to photonically drive biocatalytic fuel cells while generating electrical power from solar energy.

Tags:

Quantum knots are real!

The very first experimental observations of knots in quantum matter have just been reported in Nature Physics by scientists at Aalto University (Finland) and Amherst College (USA). The scientists created knotted solitary waves, or knot solitons, in the quantum-mechanical field describing a gas of superfluid atoms, also known as a Bose-Einstein condensate.

52868.jpg
Visualization of the structure of the created quantum knot. Each colorful band represents a set of nearby directions of the quantum field that is knotted. Note that each band is twisted and linked with the others once. Untying the knot requires the bands to separate, which is not possible without breaking them.

Tags:

Antibacterial Nanocomposites Designed in Iran for Foodstuff Packaging

Iranian researchers produced antibacterial nanocomposite samples that have applications in foodstuff packaging and they increase durability of the foodstuff without using preservatives.

52863_0.jpg

Tags:

Cheaper solar cells with 20.2 percent efficiency

EPFL scientists have developed a solar-panel material that can cut down on photovoltaic costs while achieving competitive power-conversion efficiency of 20.2%.

Some of the most promising solar cells today use light-harvesting films made from perovskites - a group of materials that share a characteristic molecular structure. However, perovskite-based solar cells use expensive "hole-transporting" materials, whose function is to move the positive charges that are generated when light hits the perovskite film. EPFL scientists have now engineered a considerably cheaper hole-transporting material that costs only a fifth of existing ones while keeping the efficiency of the solar cell above 20%.

Tags:

Light-activated nanoparticles prove effective against antibiotic-resistant 'superbugs'

In the ever-escalating evolutionary battle with drug-resistant bacteria, humans may soon have a leg up thanks to adaptive, light-activated nanotherapy developed by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder.

52856.jpg
Salmonella bacteria under a microscope.

Tags:

FAU researchers develop nanoparticles for biomedical applications

An international, interdisciplinary team of researchers is developing highly porous biomaterials for localised release of therapeutic ions and drugs in the MOZART project which has received 4.65 million euros in funding. Materials scientist Prof. Dr. Aldo R. Boccaccini is head of the team of researchers at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), one of the project’s academic partners. MOZART is being funded by Horizon 2020, the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation.

52859.jpg

Tags:

Nanodevice, build thyself: Researchers in Germany studied how a multitude of electronic interactions govern the encounter between a molecule called porphine and copper and silver surfaces

As we continue to shrink electronic components, top-down manufacturing methods begin to approach a physical limit at the nanoscale. Rather than continue to chip away at this limit, one solution of interest involves using the bottom-up self-assembly of molecular building blocks to build nanoscale devices.

Successful self-assembly is an elaborately choreographed dance, in which the attractive and repulsive forces within molecules, between each molecule and its neighbors, and between molecules and the surface that supports them, have to all be taken into account. To better understand the self-assembly process, researchers at the Technical University of Munich have characterized the contributions of all interaction components, such as covalent bonding and van der Waals interactions between molecules and between molecules and a surface.

Tags:

UNC-Chapel Hill researchers kill drug-resistant lung cancer with 50 times less chemo: Cancer drugs packaged in immune bubbles home in directly to tumors without getting sidetracked and destroyed; less chemo with better result

The cancer drug paclitaxel just got more effective. For the first time, researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have packaged it in containers derived from a patient's own immune system, protecting the drug from being destroyed by the body's own defenses and bringing the entire payload to the tumor.

52849.jpg
Drug-resistant lung cancer cells are in red. Paclitaxel-loaded exosomes (green) swarm the cancer cells and bypass their drug resistance.

Tags:

New particle can track chemo: Discovery could reveal how well -- and how fast -- treatment finds and kills cancer

Tracking the path of chemotherapy drugs in real time and at a cellular level could revolutionize cancer care and help doctors sort out why two patients might respond differently to the same treatment.

Researchers at The Ohio State University have found a way to light up a common cancer drug so they can see where the chemo goes and how long it takes to get there.