Science

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UMass Amherst Chemists Develop Nose-like Sensor Array to 'Smell' Cancer Diagnoses

In the fight against cancer, knowing the enemy's exact identity is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, especially in metastatic cancers, those that spread between organs and tissues. Now chemists led by Vincent Rotello at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have developed a rapid, sensitive way to detect microscopic levels of many different metastatic cell types in living tissue. Findings appear in the current issue of the journal ACS Nano.

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In a pre-clinical non-small-cell lung cancer metastasis model in mice developed by Frank Jirik and colleagues at the University of Calgary, Rotello's team at UMass Amherst use a sensor array system of gold nanoparticles and proteins to "smell" different cancer types in much the same way our noses identify and remember different odors.

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A Celestial Witch’s Broom?

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The Pencil Nebula is pictured in a new image from ESO’s La Silla Observatory in Chile. This peculiar cloud of glowing gas is part of a huge ring of wreckage left over after a supernova explosion that took place about 11 000 years ago.

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Nuclear Power: Extracting Uranium from Seawater

Fueling nuclear reactors with uranium harvested from the ocean could soon become more feasible thanks to a material developed by a team led by the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The combination of ORNL's high-capacity reusable adsorbents and a Florida company's high-surface-area polyethylene fibers creates a material that can rapidly, selectively, and economically extract valuable and precious dissolved metals from water.

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The material, HiCap (from high-capacity), outperforms today's adsorbents, which perform surface retention of solid or gas molecules, atoms or ions.

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Non-Cytotoxic Nanosilver Structures Bring New Hope for Curing Infections

Iranian researchers from Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Stanford University managed to completely eliminate the cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles, bringing new hopes for curing infections.

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The obtained nanostructure is nontoxic to human cells, in contrast to the conventional silver nanoparticles, and possesses a spectacularly enhanced antibacterial effect.

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Hubble Spotted a Supernova in NGC 5806

Hubble sees a supernova explosion called SN 2004dg on the edge of NGC 5806, a spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. It lies around 80 million light years from Earth.

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Hubble sees a supernova explosion called SN 2004dg on the edge of NGC 5806, a spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. It lies around 80 million light years from Earth.

http://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/index.html

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Improved nanoparticles deliver drugs into brain

The brain is a notoriously difficult organ to treat, but Johns Hopkins researchers report they are one step closer to having a drug-delivery system flexible enough to overcome some key challenges posed by brain cancer and perhaps other maladies affecting that organ.

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Real-time imaging of a rodent brain shows that nanoparticles coated with polyethylene-glycol (PEG) (green) penetrate farther within the brain than particles without the PEG coating (red)

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New Method for Synthesis of Noble Metal-Based Nanoparticles on Various Substrates

Iranian researchers at the University of Isfahan developed a simple yet efficient method for the synthesis of noble metal-based alloy nanoparticles on different types of substrates.

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Particularly tested for carbon based substrates such as carbon nanocabon tubes, the proposed method has enabled the synthesis of platinum-cobalt nanoparticles featuring lower dimensions, narrower size distributions and higher stabilities compared to the conventional methods.

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Kepler's Supernova Remnant: Was Kepler's Supernova Unusually Powerful?

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In 1604, a new star appeared in the night sky that was much brighter than Jupiter and dimmed over several weeks. This event was witnessed by sky watchers including the famous astronomer Johannes Kepler. Centuries later, the debris from this exploded star is known as the Kepler supernova remnant.

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NASA Observations Point to 'Dry Ice' Snowfall on Mars

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Observations by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter have detected carbon-dioxide snow clouds on Mars and evidence of carbon-dioxide snow falling to the surface.

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Extreme Life Forms Might be Able to Survive on Eccentric Exoplanets

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A hypothetical planet is depicted here moving through the habitable zone and then further out into a long, cold winter.