Science

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Burned area trends in the Amazon similar to previous years

Thousands of fires broke out in the Amazon last year – sparking an international media frenzy. A detailed analysis, using data from the European Space Agency’s Climate Change Initiative, indicates that while there was a small increase of fires in 2019 compared to 2018, fires in Brazil were similar to the average annual number of fires detected over the past 18 years.

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Wildfire.

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SOFIA’s Infrared View of the Skies

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Composite image of W51A, the largest star-forming region in our galaxy. Dozens of massive stars that are more than eight times the size of our Sun are forming there. They create intense radiation pressure that has pushed dust out of the star’s natal cocoon, creating arcs and bubbles that glow brightly at infrared wavelengths of at 37 and 70 microns, shown in green and red in this false color image. Hot gas remains inside these features, which is shown in the 20-micron view in blue. The background star field from Spitzer is shown in white.

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First Official Names Given to Features on Asteroid Bennu

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This flat projection mosaic of asteroid Bennu shows the locations of the first 12 surface features to receive official names from the International Astronomical Union. The accepted names were proposed by NASA’s OSIRIS-REx team members, who have been mapping the asteroid in detail over the last year. Bennu’s surface features are named after birds and bird-like creatures in mythology, and the places associated with them.

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Something From Nothing

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Something From Nothing

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ALMA Radio Telescope Array Spots Metamorphosing Aged Star

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ALMA image of the old star system W43A. The high velocity bipolar jets ejected from the central aged star are seen in blue, low velocity outflow is shown in green, and dusty clouds entrained by the jets are shown in orange.

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Graphene: A Talented 2D Material Gets a New Gig

Berkeley Lab scientists tap into graphene’s hidden talent as an electrically tunable superconductor, insulator, and magnetic device for the advancement of quantum information science

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An optical image of the graphene device (shown above as a square gold pad) on a silicon dioxide/silicon chip. Shining metal wires are connected to gold electrodes for electrical measurement. The tiny graphene device has a length and width of just one-tenth of a millimeter.

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LOFAR images cosmic radio monsters

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LOFAR images cosmic radio monsters

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3D-printed thrust chamber passes first tests for Vega evolutions

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M10 thrust chamber for future Vega evolution

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Two Stars Merged to Form Massive White Dwarf

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Artist's impression of two white dwarfs in the process of merging. Depending on the combined mass, the system may explode in a thermonuclear supernova, or coalesce into a single heavy white dwarf, as with WDJ0551+4135. This image is free for use if used in direct connection with this story but image copyright and credit must be University of Warwick/Mark Garlick.

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Researchers find string theory link in a class of complex numbers

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Figure 1. Extension of the concept of integral "numbers". Black points are the ordinary integers shown in a complex plane. Addition or multiplication of any pair of black points ends up with another black point. All the red points and blue points in this figure are solutions to some quadratic equations with integer coefficients. The purple points are solutions to some quartic equations with integer coefficients. So, we can think of those points also as a part of "numbers". Addition and multiplication operations among black-or-red points remain within the "numbers" shown in black-or-red points, and similarly, those operations of black-red-blue-or-purple points remain within the "numbers" in black-red-blue-or-purple points. In this way, it is possible to expand the set of integral "numbers" gradually.