Science

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Penn Researchers Find New Way to Prevent Cracking in Nanoparticle Films

Making uniform coatings is a common engineering challenge, and, when working at the nanoscale, even the tiniest cracks or defects can be a big problem. New research from University of Pennsylvania engineers has shown a new way of avoiding such cracks when depositing thin films of nanoparticles.

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Nanoparticle films crack at certain thicknesses (left). By adding layers of thinner films, cracking can be avoided (right).

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X-ray Satellites Monitor the Clashing Winds of a Colossal Binary

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Two of these stars can be found in the intriguing binary system known as Cygnus OB2 #9. In 2011, NASA's Swift satellite, the European Space Agency's XMM-Newton observatory and several ground-based facilities took part in a campaign to monitor the system as the giant stars raced toward their closest approach.

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The best of both catalytic worlds

Catalysts are substances that speed up the rates of chemical reactions without themselves being chemically changed. Industrial catalysts come in two main types - heterogeneous, in which the catalyst is in a different phase from the reactants; and homogeneous, in which catalyst and the reactants are in the same phase. Heterogeneous catalysts are valued for their sustainability because they can be recycled. Homogeneous catalysts are valued for their product selectivity as their properties can be easily tuned through relatively simple chemistry.

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Heterogenized homogeneous nanocatalysts are sustainable as shown by these TEM images in which there is almost no difference in the cluster size of dendrimer-encapsulated gold nanoclusters (white spots) before (left) and after cyclopropanation reactions.

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New Step towards Nanotechnology-Assisted Cancer Therapy

A domestically-fabricated Fluorescent Molecular Tomography (FMT) device which helps molecular imaging of animals was unveiled in Iran Nano 2012 festival and exhibition held in Tehran earlier this month.

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Today, the state of the art regarding the diagnosis of cancers is focused on tumor identification on sub-cellular scales. Through this technique, the patient-borne cost of the treatment is cut down and the cure success rate is increased considerably. Accordingly, we were highly determined to develop this instrument in order for localization of cellular diagnostics technology in Iran.

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Testing of Galileo satellite navigation system can begin

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X-ray Satellites Monitor the Clashing Winds of a Colossal Binary

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Artist's rendering of a colliding wind binary.

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How to Hunt a Space Rock

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JPL's Battle Mountain meteorite hunters. Pictured from left to right: Peter Willis, Amanda Stockton, Josh Schoolcraft, Fernanda Mora, Morgan Cable, J.P. Kirby.

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Researchers Create ‘Nanoflowers’ for Energy Storage, Solar Cells

Researchers from North Carolina State University have created flower-like structures out of germanium sulfide (GeS) - a semiconductor material - that have extremely thin petals with an enormous surface area. The GeS flower holds promise for next-generation energy storage devices and solar cells.

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The GeS “nanoflowers” have petals only 20-30 nanometers thick, and provide a large surface area in a small amount of space.

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Scientists discover that shape matters in DNA nanoparticle therapy: Particles could become a safer, more effective delivery vehicle for gene therapy

Researchers from Johns Hopkins and Northwestern universities have discovered how to control the shape of nanoparticles that move DNA through the body and have shown that the shapes of these carriers may make a big difference in how well they work in treating cancer and other diseases.

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This illustration depicts DNA molecules (light green), packaged into nanoparticles by using a polymer with two different segments. One segment (teal) carries a positive charge that binds it to the DNA, and the other (brown) forms a protective coating on the particle surface. By adjusting the solvent surrounding these molecules, the Johns Hopkins and Northwestern researchers were able to control the shape of the nanoparticles. The team’s animal tests showed that a nanoparticle’s shape could dramatically affect how effectively it delivers gene therapy to the cells. The cartoon images in the foreground, obtained though computational modeling, matched closely with the gray background images, which were collected through transmission electron microscopy.

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NASA'S Operation Icebridge Resumes Flights Over Antarctica

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SA's DC-8 over the Pacific during transit to Chile